Biomimicry and Human Design: Observing Bird Structures and Functions to Create Flying Machines with Artificial Intelligence

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Heejung An
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5783-2129
Triada Samaras
https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9281-3751
Woonhee Sung
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5530-1965

Abstract

Using the 5E model, this lesson engages fifth graders in exploring biomimicry and flying machines to inspire original designs. Students build design thinking and observation skills through bird observation using photos, videos, and audio, followed by discussion, sketching, brainstorming, testing, revising, and artistic creation. An artificial intelligence (AI) image generator supports visual inspiration. The lesson concludes with students sharing and reflecting on their flying machines. Hands-on activities and technology are integrated throughout to enhance engagement and interaction.

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How to Cite
An, H., Samaras, T., & Sung, W. (2025). Biomimicry and Human Design: Observing Bird Structures and Functions to Create Flying Machines with Artificial Intelligence. Journal of Technology-Integrated Lessons and Teaching, 4(2), 39–50. https://doi.org/10.13001/jtilt.v4i2.9417
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Author Biographies

Heejung An, William Paterson University

Heejung An, EdD, is a professor and chair of the department of Educational Leadership and Professional Studies in the College of Education at William Paterson University of New Jersey. She can be contacted at anh2@wpunj.edu

Triada Samaras, Kean University

Triada Samaras, MA, MFA, is an adjunct professor of art and art education at Kean University and William Paterson University of New Jersey. She is also a practicing visual artist and can be contacted at triadasamaras@gmail.com

Woonhee Sung, University of Texas at Tyler

Woonhee Sung, EdD, is an assistant professor of instructional technology in the School of Education at the University of Texas at Tyler and can be contacted at wsung@uttyler.edu